With this new accomplishment, Presear is looking forward to increasing its product-market fit and client retention.

PWA stands for Progressive Web Apps which are web apps that use services, manifests and other web platforms features in combination with progressive enhancement to give users an experience on par with native apps. PWAs provide a number of benefits to users⇒ including being installable, progressively enhanced, responsively designed, secure etc.

Making a Progressive Web Apps using React?

The production build has all the tools necessary to generate a first-class Progressive Web App, but the offline/cache-first behaviour is opt-in only. Starting with Create React App 4, you can add a src/service-worker.js file to your project to use the built-in support for Workbox's Inject Manifest plugin, which will compile your service worker and inject into it a list of URLs to precache.

Why Opt-in?

Offline-first Progressive Web Apps are faster and more reliable than traditional web pages, and provide an engaging mobile experience:

• All static site assets that are a part of your webpack build are cached so that your page loads fast on subsequent visits, regardless of network connectivity (such as 2G or 3G).
• Updates are downloaded in the background.
• Your app will work regardless of network state, even if offline. This means your users will be able to use your app at 10,000 feet and on the subway.
• On mobile devices, your app can be added directly to the user's home screen, app icon and all. This eliminates the need for the app store.
• However, they can make debugging deployments more challenging.
• The workbox-webpack-plugin is integrated into production configuration, and it will take care of compiling a service worker file that will automatically
• precache all of your webpack-generated assets and keep them up to date as you deploy updates. The service worker will use a cache-first strategy for handling all requests for webpack-generated assets, including navigation requests for your HTML, ensuring that your web app is consistently fast, even on a slow or unreliable network.

Note: Resources that are not generated by webpack, such as static files that are copied over from your local public/ directory or third-party resources, will not be precached. You can optionally set up Workbox routes to apply the runtime caching strategy of your choice to those resources.

Customization?

Starting with Create React App 4, you have full control over customizing the logic in this service worker, by creating your own src/service-worker.js file, or customizing the one added by the cra-template-pwa (or cra-template - pwa-typescript) template. You can use additional modules from the Workbox project, add in a push notification library, or remove some of the default caching logic. The one requirement is that you keep self .WB_MANIFEST somewhere in your file, as the Workbox compilation plugin checks for this value when generating a manifest of URLs to precache. If you would prefer not to use precaching, you can assign self .WB_MANIFEST to a variable that will be ignored

Progressive Web App Metadata?

The default configuration includes a web app manifest located at public/manifest .json, that you can customize with details specific to your web application. When a user adds a web app to their home screen using Chrome or Firefox on Android, the metadata in manifest .json determines what icons, names, and branding colours to use when the web app is displayed. The Web App Manifest guide provides more context about what each field means, and how your customizations will affect your users' experience.

Progressive web apps that have been added to the home screen will load faster and work offline when there's an active service worker. That being said, the metadata from the web app manifest will still be used regardless of whether or not you opt-in to service worker registration.

Now conclusion part -:

How do PWAs help in business?

1. Reduce Bounce Rates:

You may know one of the primary reasons for high bounce rates is when an app or website takes more time to load. Here, Progressive Web Apps can be a solution. It loads fast and provides a seamless experience to users, which helps you to reduce bounce rates.

2. Increase Speed and Time spent on Pages:

Compared to traditional websites, PWAs can load information faster. Fast loading offers users a quality experience and lets them interact with you quickly. It can reduce bounce rates, which in turn boosts your chances of getting conversions. So, fast loading times are essential for your business.

3. Can Help You Optimize for Search Engines:

Native apps are not discoverable online as they are hosted on the user’s devices. But, when it comes to PWAs, they are discoverable by search engines, because they are websites. Also, PWAs offer many other advantages, like they are: indexable, fast, linkable, and designed with user experience in mind.

4. Improve Client Retention There are nearly three million apps on Google’s Play store. Most of the apps downloaded show that less than the majority of users use any given app after the day they downloaded it. This app abandonment results in a considerable waste of time and resources for businesses.

Here, Progressive Web Apps can help you. It can retain users more as it:

• Help users to add your PWA to their home screen. There is no need for registration.
• Requires no download; users don’t have to worry about storage space on their devices.
• Has to push notifications to keep users informed of any updates in your business.

In this way, PWAs help you keep your customers engaged with your brand.

For understanding how Presear Softwares can help you more feel free to mail us your project idea or the problem statement at support@presear.com

HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol, of stateless protocol that transfers information between the clients and the webserver.

However, HTTP takes no measure to secure the data of the user. Despite decreased security, there are potential benefits that HTTP brings. Hence, HTTP is most often preferred by websites that do not have any confidential information.

Since the data is delivered in plain text, anyone can read your data by programming the hub/switch easily because they own and have physical access to it, or by wiretapping the cable itself coming into that ARP table. When an origin server receives an HTTP request, it sends an HTTP response, which is similar:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Wed, 30 Jan 2019 12:14:39 
GMTServer: Apache
Last-Modified: Mon, 05 Apr 2022 11:17:01 
GMTAccept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 12
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Content-Type: text/plain

The attacker sees something like:

Hello World!

HENCE, WE CAN SAY IT HAS BAD HTTP!

How does HTTPS overrule HTTP?

So, in order to overcome this data confidentiality and data integrity issue, the letter 'S' stands for secure. HTTPS encrypts HTTP requests and responses with TLS (or SSL), so an attacker would see a series of seemingly random characters instead of the text. In other words, no one in the middle can sniff your traffic.

GET /hello.txt HTTP/1.1
User-Agent: curl/7.63.0 libcurl/7.63.0 OpenSSL/1.1.l zlib/1.2.11
Host: www.example.com
Accept-Language: en

The attacker sees something like:

t8Fw6T8UV81pQfyhDkhebbz7+oiwldr1j2gHBB3L3RFTRsQCpaSnSBZ78Vme+DpDVJPvZdZUZHpzbbcqmSW1+3xXGsERHg9YDmpYk0VVDiRvw1H5miNieJeJ/FNUjgH0BmVRWII6+T4MnDwmCMZUI/orxP3HGwYCSIvyzS3MpmmSe4iaWKCOHQ==

How does HTTPS work?

The HTTPS in the web browser indicates that your communication with the server is encrypted. Data is encrypted with a unique symmetric key and delivered from client to server; the server receives the encrypted data as well as the key used to decrypt the data. This is process is called TLS handshakes.

There is one problem left with the above process, any man in the middle can obtain a certificate and pretend to be the origin server, sending harmful content to the browser or gaining access to the encrypted data and decrypting it using the key.

To fix this problem, the server transmits its public key to the browser along with the domain name encoded in a certificate, and the browser sends back a pre-master secret key encrypted with the server's public key. To retrieve the pre-master secret key, the server decrypts the encrypted communication with its private key. Both the browser and the server now convert the pre-master key into the master secret key, which is eventually used for encryption of all future server-browser communications.

In terms of the certificates used in this process, browsers guarantee that they are embedded with information that allows them to determine which certificates are legitimate. In simple words, certificate authorities are well-known organizations that everyone knows are trustworthy (it all boils down to trust). If there is no such signature in the certificate, the browser will tell the user that the connection is not HTTPS. The server, on the other hand, must physically authenticate their identity in order to obtain the signed certificate from one of the certificate authorities (by sending docs, etc.).

As we all know, HTTPS works, the main question that arises is: "How can we get HTTPS for our website?"

TLS stands for Transport Layer Security, and it protects data privacy in the same way as SSL does. Because SSL is no longer in use, this is the correct word that people should begin using TLS. Websites that install and set up an SSL/TLS certificate can utilize the HTTPS protocol to connect to the server in a secure manner.

Why is HTTPS or SSL/TLC imported for a website?

There are three key reasons why SSL/TLS is essential for your website:

• When you need to authenticate something: Any server can appear to be your server, intercepting the data that people send along the route. SSL/TLS allows you to prove your server's identity so that people know you are who you say you are.
• To implant trust: If you're running an e-commerce site or asking customers for sensitive information, you must instill trust in them. Using an SSL/TLS certificate is a tangible approach to demonstrate to visitors that they can trust you, and it is far more effective than anything you might say about yourself.
• When it is necessary to adhere to industry standards: Some businesses, such as finance, will need you to maintain certain baseline levels of security. If you want to accept credit card information on your website, you must also follow Payment Card Industry (PCI) requirements. The use of an SSL/TLS certificate is one of those prerequisites.

Future of HTTPS

When compared to HTTP, HTTPS unquestionably outperforms HTTP in terms of data privacy and security.

The availability of HTTPS does not imply that a website is authentic. Some astute phishers have noticed that consumers look for the HTTPS indication and lock icon, and they may go to great lengths to conceal their websites. Certificates are also available for scammers' scam servers. Other scammers may try to fool you by altering their website's favicon (the icon that appears in the URL bar) to a lock. When monitoring your connection to a website, keep a watch out for these techniques.

In addition, all browsers should force HTTPS, which means they should reject the request if it is not. Currently, this is accomplished through the use of the HSTS preload list, which is optional for websites to use; however, it would be ideal if all websites were required to use HTTPS. End-user security would be improved as a result of this. Many people are advocating for the switch to HTTPS everywhere.

How Presear softwares can help with an SSL certificate?

Presear software provides a free SSL certificate for a duration of 15 years powered by Cloudfare, the features of such an SSL certificate are as follows,

• Custom Certificates - Cloudflare automatically provisions SSL certificates that are shared by multiple customer domains. Business and Enterprise customers have the option to upload a custom, dedicated SSL certificate that will be presented to end-users. This allows the use of extended validation (EV) and organization validated (OV) certificates.
• Modern TLS Only - PCI 3.2 compliance requires either TLS 1.2 or 1.3, as there are known vulnerabilities in all earlier versions of TLS and SSL. Cloudflare provides a “Modern TLS Only” option that forces all HTTPS traffic from your website to be served over either TLS 1.2 or 1.3.
• Opportunistic Encryption - Opportunistic Encryption provides HTTP-only domains that can't upgrade to HTTPS, due to mixed content or other legacy issues, the benefits of encryption and web optimization features only available using TLS without changing a single line of code.
• TLS Client Auth - Cloudflare’s Mutual Auth (TLS Client Auth) creates a secure connection between a client, like an IoT device or a mobile app, and its origin. When a client attempts to establish a connection with its origin server, Cloudflare validates the device’s certificate to check it has authorized access to the endpoint. If the device has a valid client certificate, like having the correct key to enter a building, the device is able to establish a secure connection. If the device’s certificate is missing, expired, or invalid, the connection is revoked and Cloudflare returns a 403 error.
• HSTS - Supporting the HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) protocol is one of the easiest ways to better secure your website, API, or mobile application. HSTS is an extension to the HTTP protocol that forces clients to use secure connections for every request to your origin server. Cloudflare provides HSTS support with the click of a button.
• Automatic HTTPS Rewrites - Automatic HTTPS Rewrites safely eliminates mixed content issues while enhancing performance and security by rewriting insecure URLs dynamically from known (secure) hosts to their secure counterpart. By enforcing a secure connection, Automatic HTTPS Rewrites enables you to take advantage of the latest security standards and web optimization features only available over HTTPS. _ Encrypted Server Name Indicator (SNI) - Encrypted SNI replaces the plaintext “server_name” extension used in the ClientHello message during TLS negotiation with an “encrypted_server_name.” This capability expands on TLS 1.3, increasing the privacy of users by concealing the destination hostname from intermediaries between the visitor and website.
• Geo Key Manager - Geo Key Manager provides the ability to choose which Cloudflare data centers have access to private keys in order to establish HTTPS connections. Cloudflare has preconfigured options to select from either US or EU data centers as well as the highest security data centers in the Cloudflare network. Data centers without access to private keys can still terminate TLS, but they will experience a slight initial delay when contacting the nearest Cloudflare data center storing the private key.

Cloudflare SSL operates in different modes depending on the level of security required and the amount of configuration you’re willing to do. Traffic to the end user will always be encrypted, which means your website will always enjoy the benefits of HTTPS. However, traffic between Cloudflare and your origin server can be configured in a variety of ways.

Source - Cloudfare

For understanding how Presear Softwares can help you more feel free to mail us your project idea or the problem statement at support@presear.com

Frontend UI applications made with the help of react are simple,speedy and scalable.React uses component-based architecture for developing applications. Components are independent and reusable bits of code. These components can be shared across various applications having similar functionality. The re-use of components increases the pace of development.

React uses the concept of virtual DOM which ensures the UI updates quickly and efficiently.Each time the data changes in a react app, a new virtual DOM gets created. Creating a virtual DOM is much faster than rendering the UI inside the browser. A dashboard or data-visualization screen needs continuous updates of components so that you can track your data in real-time. For instance, non-stop updates of data-charts and notifications need to be displayed on the screen immediately and effectively. Reacts Virtual DOM allows you to implement some smart workarounds that ensure the fast re-rendering of components, which is necessary since the data needs to be displayed immediately and effectively. In such situations, React will figure out an optimal way to update the UI, and all you have to do is to supply the stream of data through API. It helps in building even complex dashboards that require heavy data lifting.

React gives the benefit of SPA to a social networking App.This helps in making more functional and scalable UI.While a dynamic social network website loads a new page in response to every user request, only a part of your SPA will change when a user clicks any button. Thus, if a user likes the activity, only the ‘heart’ symbol will get highlighted without refreshing the entire page. This approach will save additional “client-to-server” requests, improving the application performance.

React made the Web application more SEO friendly.React allows developers to develop engaging user interfaces that can be easily navigated in various search engines. With React, you have the liberty to use server-side-rendering. By using React SSR, the information can be rendered from the webpage on the server, and not on your browser using Javascript. Since the initial render is done from the server, the subsequent pages will load directly from the client.

React follows unidirectional data binding or data flow.The data is passed from the parent component to child component through read-only props. These props cannot be sent back to the parent component. This is how one-way data binding works. Although, the child component can communicate with the parent component to update the state via callback functions.

State management in React gives immense performance benefits for eCommerce.While building a web app like eCommerce, the chances are that your application has to look after a variety of things, such as what items are in stock or what item a user has added to his wishlist. Any actions that require instant action or a change in the state of the component will need to have some sort of state.

Reactjs is an excellent addition to the projects that need component reusability, impressive user interactions, or crazy animations. That said, it’s a robust UI library to build projects that cater to small, medium, and even large-scale organizations.

For understanding how Presear Softwares can help you more feel free to mail us your project idea or the problem statement at support@presear.com

What is Load Balancer

It is a device which allows all of the client's request to be distributed to the backend server i.e. it balances the loads. It's work is to equally distribute the load to the backend clusters which guarantees ideal overall performance of usual application.

Benefits of Cloud Load-balancing

• High-availability: While multiple servers are put together into practice, it boosts availability.

• Scalability: Unusual traffic spikes can affect server performance, however load-balancing offers the functionality to feature greater servers to the group to control the developing incoming requests.

• Flexibility: Maintenance of work is easy because administrators can direct all traffic to one server and place the other load balancer in active/passive mode. This allows them to do the maintenance without causing downtime issue.

• Economical: Cloud load-balancers are low-budget because the price is primarily based totally on the quantity of aid used, that's the 'pay-as-you-go' model.

General Load Balancer Types

• Layer7(Application Layer) - Layer 4 load balancer operates at the transport level, manages traffic based on network information such as application ports without seeing the actual content of messages.

• Layer4(Transport Layer) - Layer 7 load balancer operates at the application level, using protocols such as HTTP, HTTPs and Web Socket to make decisions based on the actual content of each message. A Layer 7 load balancer terminates network traffic, performs decryption as needed, inspects messages, makes content-based routing decisions.

source

Most Common Load Balancing Algorithms

1. Round Robin
2. Least Connection
3. Least Response Time
4. Least Bandwidth
5. Hashing

How do big Companies handles large number of requests?

They uses lots and lots of load balancers. Once a request is made very efficient and highly scalable load balancers direct the requests to a very large number of frontend webservers. Many machines are servicing a single request. The frontend webservers do very little of the work involved in actually servicing a request. They are mostly for HTTP parsing and routing to more tiers of servers, each cluster of which does a very small and specialized part of the larger task of generating a page.

Below is the instance of facebook(meta) usage of load balancer

How Presear Softwares can help scaling your application ?

Presear Softwares has expertise in system design and especially scaling by using efficient cloud architecture. We have in house cloud developers who can fit load balancers properly with automatic upscaling and downscaling features. This load balancing will improvise your software in the following way,

• Requests per second increases by 10,000
• Simultaneous connections increases by 10,000
• New SSL connections per second increase by 250

The load balancers used by Presear Softwares are better than others because,

• Our Load Balancers are monitored for availability. If any anomalies are detected, our systems will correct them and fix them. Your Load Balancer will continue running smoothly without any extra work from you.
• Load Balancers automatically provision and renew SSL certificates free of charge through Let’s Encrypt. Load Balancers also support HTTP/2, providing better performance for your users.
• Automatically pass a client’s IP address and port through to your server
• Get more flexibility—resize your Load Balancer when you need to and scale your apps with ease.
• Supports Kubernetes

For understanding how Presear Softwares can help you more feel free to mail us your project idea or the problem statement at support@presear.com

Conclusion

Load Balancers are what they declare to be, a resource intended for dispensing the workload(requests) among the internet servers to deal with HTTP requests.

It lets you evenly distribute network traffic across multiple servers in a server farm to prevent failure caused by overloading a particular resource. This strategy improves the performance and availability of applications, websites, databases, and other computing resources. It also helps process user requests quickly and accurately.

When we build an API, we allocate a certain number of servers to satisfy the scaling requirements, specifically the request demands. For instance, If we have a college project system, we may only allocate a couple servers to handle and process incoming traffic. Conversely, if we have a very popular API(Take Google Map for example), we will go ahead and configure a large number of servers. Now we never want a single client or IP to overwhelm our system with tons of requests, resulting in different faults arising in our distributed architecture. We also want our systems to behave in a predictable way and meet a certain agreement as mentioned often in SRS(Software Requirement Specification). In order to do so, we must control the rate of traffic coming from single clients so that it can stay within limit. Another aspect may be the cost and budget control. We never want unnecessary usage and an unexpected budget at the end of the month.

Softwares can use a variety of techniques to rate limits which simply means if you exceed a certain number of requests per certain time frame, then API will throw you a ThrottlingException. Token Bucket Algorithm is one of the famous techniques to ratelimit, which is also used in AWS API. This Algorithm has two major components, burst and refill. Burst defines the number of ‘Tokens’ that are available for an IP. Refill defines the rate in which the backend service ‘refills’ new service requests into your bucket. It is basically how fast the backend will give you more tokens to call the API.

APIs are one of the biggest assets of any business. They help the users of a website or mobile applications fulfills their tasks. As the number of users increases, the websites or the mobile application starts showing signs of performance degradation. As a result, users with better connections or faster interfaces might get a better experience than others. API throttling is an elegant solution that helps organisations to ensure fair use of their APIs. REST APIs use API limiting as a protection against DoS attacks and overloaded servers, immediately returning an HTTP 429 error and timing out, forcing the user to send a brand new query.Setting a timeout is the easiest way to limit API requests. Implementing API choking during a distributed system may be a difficult task. Once the app or service has multiple servers worldwide, the choking ought to be applied for the distributed system. The consecutive requests from an equivalent user may well be forwarded to totally different servers. The API choking logic resides on every node and desires to synchronize with one another in a time period. It may lead to inconsistency and race conditions. One way to implement API throttling in distributed systems is to use sticky sessions. In this method, all requests from a user are always serviced by a particular server. However, this solution is not well-balanced or fault tolerant. The second solution to API throttling in distributed systems are locks.

For better understanding, try the GITHUB API or LINKEDIN API once, and check how rate limiting works.

Presear Softwares dominates in building solutions that can assist you with zeroing overheads for technology and increasing mindfulness in your business. Contact us for best software development services, including android, web app and hybrid development.